Nkuko umusesenguzi Frank Haugwitz yabisobanuye, inganda zifite ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi kuri gride zirashobora gufasha guteza imbere iterambere ry’imirasire y’izuba ku rubuga, kandi ingamba ziheruka zisaba kuvugurura amafoto y’inyubako zisanzwe zishobora no kuzamura isoko.
Isoko ry’amafoto y’Ubushinwa ryakuze vuba kugira ngo ribe nini ku isi, ariko riracyashingira cyane kuri politiki.
Abategetsi b'Abashinwa bafashe ingamba zitandukanye zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.Ingaruka itaziguye ya politiki ni uko gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba byabaye ingenzi cyane, kubera gusa ko bifasha inganda gukoresha amashanyarazi akomoka mu karere, ubusanzwe ahendutse cyane kuruta amashanyarazi yatanzwe.Kugeza ubu, impuzandengo yo kwishyura kuri sisitemu yubucuruzi n’inganda mu Bushinwa (C&I) ni imyaka 5-6.Byongeye kandi, kohereza izuba hejuru yinzu bizafasha kugabanya ikirere cya karubone yinganda no kwishingikiriza kumashanyarazi.
Ni muri urwo rwego, mu mpera za Kanama, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu (NEA) cy’Ubushinwa cyemeje gahunda nshya y’icyitegererezo mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa n’izuba.Kubwibyo, mu mpera za 2023, inyubako zisanzwe zizakenera gushiraho sisitemu yo gufotora hejuru yinzu.Ukurikije uruhushya, byibuze igice cyinyubako kizasabwa gushyiramo amashanyarazi yizuba.Ibisabwa ni ibi bikurikira: inyubako za leta (zitari munsi ya 50%);inzego rusange (40%);umutungo utimukanwa w'ubucuruzi (30%);inyubako zo mu cyaro mu ntara 676 (20%) zizakenera gushyiraho sisitemu yo hejuru yizuba.Dufashe MW 200-250 kuri buri ntara, mu mpera za 2023, ibisabwa byose byatanzwe na gahunda byonyine birashobora kuba hagati ya 130 na 170 GW.
Byongeye kandi, niba sisitemu yifoto yizuba ihujwe nububiko bwamashanyarazi (EES), uruganda rushobora kwimura no kongera igihe cyo gukora.Kugeza ubu, hafi bibiri bya gatatu by'intara bemeje ko buri gisenge gishya cy’inganda n’ubucuruzi gisakara izuba hamwe n’uburyo bwo gushyiraho ubutaka bigomba guhuzwa n’ibikorwa bya EES.
Mu mpera za Nzeri, Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura yasohoye umurongo ngenderwaho mu iterambere ry’imijyi, ishimangira byimazeyo kohereza amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa n’izuba hamwe n’ubucuruzi bushingiye ku masezerano yo gucunga ingufu.Ingaruka itaziguye y'aya mabwiriza ntiramenyekana.
Mugihe gito kandi giciriritse, umubare munini wibikenerwa na fotovoltaque bizaturuka kuri "GW-hybrid base".Iki gitekerezo kirangwa no guhuza ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, amashanyarazi n’amakara bitewe n’ahantu.Minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubushinwa, Li Keqiang, aherutse kuyobora inama yo gukemura ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi muri iki gihe anasaba ku buryo bweruye ko hubakwa ibirindiro binini bya gigawatt (cyane cyane birimo amashanyarazi y’umuyaga n’umuyaga) mu butayu bwa Gobi nka gahunda yo gusubiza inyuma amashanyarazi.Mu cyumweru gishize, Perezida w’Ubushinwa Xi Jinping yatangaje ko hatangiye icyiciro cya mbere cyo kubaka ikigo cya gigawatt gifite ubushobozi bwa gigawatt 100.Amakuru arambuye kubyerekeye umushinga ntaratangazwa.
Usibye gushyigikira amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, vuba aha, leta nyinshi n’intara nyinshi cyane cyane Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Jiangxi, na Jiangsu - barateganya gushyiraho uburyo butandukanye bw’ibiciro by’imisoro kugira ngo bashishikarize gukoresha neza.izo mbaraga.Kurugero, itandukaniro ryibiciro bya "peak-to-Valley" hagati ya Guangdong na Henan ni 1.173 yuan / kWt (0.18 USD / kWh) na 0,85 yuan / kWt (0.13 USD / kWh).
Ikigereranyo cy’amashanyarazi muri Guangdong ni 0.65 / kWt (US $ 0.10), naho hasi cyane hagati ya saa sita zijoro na saa moya za mugitondo ni 0.28 / kWt (US $ 0.04).Bizateza imbere kugaragara no guteza imbere imishinga mishya yubucuruzi, cyane cyane iyo ihujwe nogukwirakwiza izuba ryamashanyarazi.
Hatitawe ku ngaruka za politiki ya karuboni ebyiri-igenzura, ibiciro bya polysilicon byazamutse mu byumweru umunani bishize bigera ku mafaranga 270 / kg ($ 41.95).Mu mezi make ashize, inzibacyuho iva kubitangwa bikabije kugeza ikibazo cyibura ryubu, kugabanuka kwa polysilicon byatumye ibigo bihari kandi bishya bitangaza ko bifuza kubaka ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora polysilicon cyangwa kongera ibikoresho bihari.Dukurikije ibigereranyo biheruka gukorwa, niba imishinga 18 yose ya polysilicon iteganijwe gushyirwa mu bikorwa, toni miliyoni 3 za polysilicon zizongerwaho buri mwaka muri 2025-2026.
Icyakora, urebye amasoko make yinyongera agenda kumurongo mumezi make ari imbere hamwe nimpinduka nini mubisabwa kuva 2021 kugeza umwaka utaha, biteganijwe ko ibiciro bya polysilicon bizakomeza kuba hejuru mugihe gito.Mu byumweru bike bishize, intara zitabarika zemeje imiyoboro ibiri ikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ya gigawatt nyinshi, inyinshi muri zo zikaba ziteganijwe guhuzwa na gride mbere y'Ukuboza umwaka utaha.
Kuri iki cyumweru, mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, uhagarariye Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu z’Ubushinwa yatangaje ko guhera muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri, 22 GW y’amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, hiyongereyeho umwaka ku mwaka 16%.Urebye ibyagezweho, Isosiyete Ngishwanama ya Aziya n’Uburayi Isukura (Solar Energy) ivuga ko mu 2021, isoko rishobora kwiyongera 4% kugeza kuri 13% umwaka ushize, cyangwa 50-55 GW, bityo bikamena 300 GW akamenyetso.
Turi abanyamwuga bakora muburyo bwo gushiraho izuba, ibirundo byubutaka, uruzitiro rwinsinga zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yizuba PV.
Nyamuneka twandikire kubindi bisobanuro niba ubishaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-26-2021